Types and Temperature Requirements of Seed Cold Storages

There are certain differences between building a seed cold storage and an ordinary cold storage.

The seed cold storage needs to control two data: temperature and humidity. Humidity has a very great impact on the germination rate of seeds, so humidity must be strictly controlled. Moreover, seeds are divided into short-term, medium-term, and long-term storage according to storage years, and are divided into resource types (including samples and original seeds) and ordinary types according to function. Each kind of seed has different requirements for temperature and humidity according to different storage years. In general, the storage of field seeds should ensure that the moisture content of seeds is below 13%, and that of vegetable seeds is below 7%. Some special requirements are different.

When building a seed cold storage, 100mm double-sided color steel polyurethane cold storage insulation board is used, which is insulation, moisture-proof, hygienic, clean and corrosion-resistant.

The seed cold storage is equipped with an independent dehumidification device, which is not the same as the conventional quick-freezing cold storage and the refrigeration of frozen meat and aquatic products, and is fully automatic control.

The composition of seed cold storage: refrigeration equipment for refrigeration, evaporator in the cold storage, insulated warehouse, and microcomputer temperature control system. The refrigeration system mainly includes various refrigeration compressor units. The refrigeration compressor is the heart of the cold storage and ensures the seed temperature in the warehouse. The microcomputer temperature control system is the brain of the cold storage. It controls the operation of the refrigeration system and the temperature in the cold storage.

The evaporator in the cold storage is used to provide cooling capacity to the cold storage. The evaporator is installed in the cold storage. The blower is used to blow the cooled air to all parts of the cold storage. Large cold storages often use air ducts to connect the evaporators to extend the air supply distance and make the temperature drop in the cold storage more uniform.

The insulated warehouse is a warehouse with certain heat insulation performance. It is a place for storing seeds. It maintains the indoor heat insulation performance and temperature stability. The better heat insulation structure of the insulated warehouse can keep the cooling capacity produced by the refrigeration equipment from leaking out as little as possible, that is, minimize the invasion of heat from outside the warehouse into the warehouse as much as possible. This is also the difference between a seed cold storage and an ordinary house.

Seed storage provides a reliable material basis for agricultural production and improves the quality of seed sowing. The seed cold storage with moisture-proof and air-tight functions is put into use. Through regular and fixed-point observation, recording and analysis of the seed temperature and warehouse temperature and humidity of stored hybrid rice and corn seeds, it is shown that the average annual temperature of the warehouse is 11.2℃, and the average relative humidity is 63.8%. The results of regular and fixed-point tracking and detection of the moisture content and germination rate of stored seeds for two years show that the germination rate of hybrid rice seeds decreases by 2.5%, and the germination rate of hybrid corn seeds decreases by 4.0%. The moisture content of seeds remains basically unchanged, and the economic benefits of storing seeds.

First of all, determine the scale of seed cold storage construction.

Generally divided into short-term, medium-term, and long-term seed cold storages.

Secondly, it is necessary to know the equipment composition required for seed cold storage construction. Insulated warehouse, refrigeration equipment, microcomputer temperature control system, and evaporator in the cold storage are its core parts.

Finally, pay special attention to the determination of the warehouse temperature when building the seed cold storage. After years of experiments by seed cold storage construction experts, the optimal cold storage temperature for some agricultural product seeds has been determined. For example, the average annual temperature of hybrid rice and corn seed storage is 11.2℃, and the average relative humidity is 63.8%.

The construction of seed cold storage is of great significance for the development of agriculture and people's livelihood. It provides a reliable material basis for agricultural production and improves the quality of seed sowing. After the moisture content of the stored seeds remains basically unchanged, the economic benefits of storing seeds are significant.