Temperature Gradient Differences between Deep Foundation and Surface of Civil Cold Storage

To reduce the influence of solar radiation heat, the surface color of the cold storage should be light, the surface should be smooth and flat, and large-area sun exposure should be avoided as much as possible. Measures can be taken on the roof, such as setting up a ventilation layer to reduce the direct transmission of solar radiation heat through the roof into the warehouse and thus affecting the warehouse temperature.
Civil cold storage is built on the ground. Due to the temperature gradient between the deep part of the foundation and the surface, a heat flow is formed, causing groundwater vapor to penetrate into the cold storage foundation. When the temperature of the cold storage floor drops below 0 °C, it will lead to frost heaving of the floor and damage the cold storage floor. Cold storage insulation plays an important role in maintaining the stability of the temperature in the warehouse, reducing the heat load of the cold storage, saving energy consumption and ensuring the quality of food cold storage. Therefore, the walls, floors, roofs and floor slabs of the cold storage should be insulated. The insulation structure of the cold storage should not only have good insulation and moisture-proof performance, but also have a certain strength. Its floor slab and floor should have a large bearing capacity. The insulation layer should avoid the formation of "cold bridges" and have lasting insulation efficiency. The inner wall of the insulation layer of the cold storage is provided with a protective layer to prevent damage during loading and unloading operations.
Due to the large temperature difference between the inside and outside air of the cold storage, a water vapor partial pressure difference corresponding to the temperature difference will inevitably be formed, and then water vapor will penetrate from the high-temperature side with higher partial pressure to the cold storage with lower partial pressure through the enclosure structure. When the water vapor reaches a certain temperature zone after passing through the inside of the enclosure structure and is lower than the dew point temperature of the air, the water vapor will condense into water or freeze, causing damage to the insulation structure and a decrease in insulation performance.

Therefore, on both sides of the cold storage structure, when the designed temperature difference is equal to or greater than 5 °C, moisture-proof and gas-proof measures should be taken, or a moisture-proof and gas-proof layer should be set on the side with higher temperature.
In order to reduce the influence of changes in temperature and humidity inside and outside the warehouse, cold storage warehouses generally do not have windows.

Openings should be opened as little as possible, and equipment pipelines such as processes, water, and electricity should use openings as much as possible. The warehouse door is a necessary passage for goods to enter and exit the warehouse, but it is also a place where the heat and moisture exchange between the inside and outside of the warehouse is significant.

Due to heat and moisture exchange, condensed water and frost are easily generated around the door. The repeated freeze-thaw alternation will damage the building structure materials near the door.

Therefore, under the condition of meeting normal use, the number of doors should also be as small as possible. At the same time, measures should be taken around the door, such as adding an air curtain, heating wire, etc.